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i got a riding mower with a Kohler CV15S i got a voltage regulator and hooked it up but when connecting the middle wire to the battery it sparked so i got to thinking maybe the stator shorted out so i got the flywheel off and i can see 2 copper wires are together and grounded with a screw its made that way so should i use a diode for this kind of stator? and take the voltage regulator back off ?

Anytime that you have a battery system connecting to the stator like an alternator, you would need a diode, this prevents the reversing flow of the electrons to the other circuits to cause the damage like shorting out. I would also see if you can find a repair manual on your engine, there would be more technical information in it.